CASE REPORT: We present the case of a 16-year-old male who presented on two separate occasions after a tonic-clonic seizure with hip pain, an antalgic gait, and marked discomfort on hip flexion. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Night Blindness

  A 34-year-old man had reduced vision in his left eye for about 15 years, and night blindness for about two years. His visual acuity was 20/15 in the right eye and 20/50 in the left eye. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

• Generalized Seizure

  Secondary generalized seizures: These start in one part of your brain and spread to the nerve cells on both sides. They can cause some of the same physical symptoms as a generalized seizure, like convulsions or muscle slackness. [webmd.com]

  The two most common seizure types were generalized seizures (45 %) and status epilepticus (36 %). Nine of 11 patients (82 %) had tumor growth involving the frontal lobe. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Generalized Seizures Section Generalized seizures occur when there is widespread seizure activity in the left and right hemispheres of the brain. [epilepsyontario.org]

  SLIDESHOW Epilepsy: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment See Slideshow Generalized Seizures in Epilepsy Epilepsy that causes generalized seizures is more common in children than in adults. [emedicinehealth.com]

• Focal Seizure

  Focal Seizures Doctors break these into three groups: Simple focal seizures: They change how your senses read the world around you: They can make you smell or taste something strange, and may make your fingers, arms, or legs twitch. [webmd.com]

  There were 125 focal seizures, 187 secondarily generalized and 250 generalized seizures from 58 patients analyzed. Seizures were identified and classified independently by two epileptologists. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Focal seizures may also be called partial seizures. With focal seizures, particularly with complex focal seizures, the child may experience an aura before the seizure occurs. [beaumont.org]

  There are two types of focal seizures: Focal seizures with retained awareness This type of focal seizure was previously known as a simple partial seizure. [epilepsyontario.org]

  Focal seizures Focal seizures occur when one area (or lobe) of the brain is affected by abnormal electrical activity. The symptoms and level of consciousness depend on the area of the brain involved. [youngepilepsy.org.uk]

• Atonic Seizures

  They may start in the same part of the brain as an atonic seizure, and some people have both myoclonic and atonic seizures. Absence (or petit mal) seizures: You seem disconnected from others around you and don’t respond to them. [webmd.com]

  Because atonic seizures are so abrupt, without any warning, and because the people who experience them fall with force, atonic seizures can result in injuries to the head and face. [efepa.org]

  Generalized Epileptic Seizures Generalized epileptic seizures start on both sides of the brain at once genetic or hereditary underlying cause generalized seizures include: absence seizures tonic-clonic seizures myoclonic seizures atonic seizures (also [barrowneuro.org]

  Atonic Seizure In an atonic seizure, muscles suddenly lose strength. The eyelids might droop, the head might nod, and a child might drop things and fall to the ground. [gillettechildrens.org]

• Neonatal Seizures

  Causes Neonatal seizures have a variety of causes. [ucsfbenioffchildrens.org]

  seizures Tonic or atonic seizures in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome† Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight gain, reversible hair loss, temporary drowsiness, tremor, and, rarely, liver damage A somewhat higher risk of spinal cord, spine, or brain [msdmanuals.com]

  seizures Tonic or atonic seizures in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome † Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight gain, reversible hair loss, temporary drowsiness, tremor, and, rarely, liver damage A somewhat higher risk of spinal cord, spine, or brain [merckmanuals.com]

• Jacksonian Seizure

  Jacksonian seizures are a type of focal aware seizures. Symptoms start in one hand or foot, then move up the limb as the electrical activity spreads in the brain. People are completely aware of what is occurring during the seizure. [msdmanuals.com]

This case report describes the clinical course, workup, and differential diagnosis of a 15-year-old male adolescent with first-time seizure and Brugada pattern on electrocardiogram. A brief review of the literature follows the case presentation. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

Most patients will be admitted to a telemetry floor for close monitoring, further workup, and treatment of their underlying condition. [emedicine.com]

However, every child with ASD and seizures should have a comprehensive medical workup for known medical disorders. [tacanow.org]

• Epileptiform Activity

  Electroencephalogram (EEG) was negative for epileptiform activity. A diagnosis of seizure in the setting of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) was deemed probable. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

  Extratemporal epileptiform activities (frontal, parietal, central, occipital and generalized) were also found equally in both groups. [dx.doi.org]

  Since altered awareness occurs with even brief bursts of spike-wave paroxysms on EEG, treatment should be titrated to suppressing all epileptiform activity. The decision to start antiepileptic medication must be made with great care. [reference.medscape.com]

RESULTS: Rapid initiation and escalation of status epilepticus treatment has been associated with shortened seizure duration and more favorable outcomes. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The current study aimed to perform a comprehensive meta-analysis to investigate the correlation of isocitrate-dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), an important molecular biomarker for glioma classification and prognosis, to preoperative seizure incidence in LGG. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The management and prognosis is the same as for classical febrile convulsions. Acute Management Treat the convulsion when necessary as per Convulsions guidelines. * Reassurance is important in simple febrile convulsions. [rch.org.au]

The choice of antiepileptic drug is typically based on seizure type, and there is no evidence for superior effectiveness or potential deterioration of particular antiepileptic drug in specific etiologic subgroups. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

In children with TLE of different etiologies there is a wide clinico-electroencephalographic diversity 2,10-13. [dx.doi.org]

The classification of seizures in old age in epidemiologic studies is rarely satisfactory. [dictionary.cambridge.org]

Epidemiology Age-adjusted incidence of epilepsy in North America ranges between 16/100,000 and 51/100,000 person-years. The age-adjusted prevalence ranges from 2.2/1000 to 41/1000 depending on the country. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The epidemiology of the epilepsies. Handbook of Clinical Neurology. 107. pp. 113–33. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-52898-8.00006-9. ISBN 9780444528988. PMID 22938966.; Sander JW, Shorvon SD (1996). "Epidemiology of the epilepsies". [en.wikipedia.org]

Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health 5:16, 2009 PubMed CrossRef Google Scholar 30. [dx.doi.org]

Epidemiology Incidence in the United States The incidence of absence seizures in the United States is 1.9-8 cases per 100,000 population. [reference.medscape.com]

This case report discusses the pathophysiology of post-ictal desaturations and breathing abnormalities during seizures and their possible association with sudden unexpected death in epilepsy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

The pathophysiology of focal-onset seizures differs from the mechanisms underlying generalized-onset seizures. [emedicine.medscape.com]

Expression of this gene in the developing brain may help explain an age-related onset and remission in childhood absence epilepsy. [20] Pathophysiology The pathophysiology of absence seizures is not fully understood. [reference.medscape.com]

CONCLUSION: Improved preventive care, seizure detection, and rescue medication education may advance pre-hospital management, and we propose the use of acute status epilepticus intervention teams to initiate and incorporate in-hospital interventions as [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]

But someone who has recurrent seizures may need treatment with daily anti-seizure medications to control and prevent future grand mal seizures. Symptoms Grand mal seizures have two stages: Tonic phase. [mayoclinic.org]