Presentation
She presented to us with psychotic symptoms but also noted to have many catatonic features, which were also present on previous presentations. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Abstract: We are presenting a unique case of acute hypoglycemia presenting as acute psychosis with an unusual presentation creating a diagnostic dilemma. [priory.com]
Entire Body System
- Disability
Depression alone can be psychotic if it is severe and disabling enough, and particularly if it is accompanied by delusions, hallucinations, or paranoia. [britannica.com]
Bottom line: Rapid treatment of stroke and psychosis is an absolute imperative for minimizing brain damage that respectively leads to physical or mental disability. [mdedge.com]
BACKGROUND: Most disability produced by psychotic illnesses, especially schizophrenia, develops during the prepsychotic period, creating a case for intervention during this period. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
- Unconsciousness
They conclude that these hallucinations, although to all appearance psychotic, are basically neurotic in nature, and that both their content and hallucinatory form serve to protect the defense mechanisms with which parents ward off their unconscious conflicts [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Psychodynamic psychotherapy looks in more depth to try and identify unconscious and subconscious reasons behind your psychosis. [nightingalehospital.co.uk]
- Nightmare
Some have likened the experience to being stuck in a nightmare (many refer to the movie The Truman Show), while others may hear, see, smell or feel things that are present but not disturbing. [strong365.org]
It is here that Susan's living nightmare unfolds. [imdb.com]
[…] patients with influenza who were receiving Tamiflu, there have been postmarketing reports of convulsions and delirium (including symptoms such as altered level of consciousness, confusion, abnormal behaviour, delusions, hallucinations, agitation, anxiety, nightmares [mt.glosbe.com]
Confusion, vertigo, syncope, disturbed sleep, nightmares, and agitation are also reported by various studies. Dementia, amnesia, and loss of memory are some adverse effects. [goodtherapy.org]
God, what can I do to escape this nightmare?! A knock on the door... — I told the people on the other side of the door I need a minute to think and I'll come out. I'm really just writing this down so I can figure out what to do. [creepypasta.wikia.com]
- Asthenia
Characteristic manifestations include failure to lactate or to resume menses, genital and axillary hair loss, asthenia and weakness, fine wrinkles around the eyes and lips, signs of premature aging, dry skin, hypopigmentation and other evidence of hypopituitarism [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
However, this significant finding was not replicated for pulse data recorded whilst standing, with data being non‐significant. 2.1.5.6 Treatment emergent adverse events (CoStart terms) Somnolence, increased appetite, anxiety, nervousness, asthenia, joint [doi.org]
- Hypersomnia
Central Hypersomnia. Seminars in Pediatric Neurology, Vol. 22, Issue. 2, p. 93. CrossRef Google Scholar Rabeyron, Thomas and Loose, Tianna 2015. [doi.org]
Ears
- Hearing Impairment
Margriet van der Werf, Ruud van Winkel, Martin van Boxtel and Jim van Os, Evidence that the impact of hearing impairment on psychosis risk is moderated by the level of complexity of the social environment, Schizophrenia Research, 122, 1-3, (193), (2010 [doi.org]
Psychiatrical
- Delusion
A person can experience both hallucinations and delusions or just one or the other. Hallucinations and delusions are most often caused by a disturbance or change in brain function. [britannica.com]
Positive symptoms are delusions, hallucinations, thought broadcasting and bizarre behaviors. [nmihi.com]
A delusion is where a person has an unshakeable belief in something untrue. [nhs.uk]
Two of the main symptoms are delusions and hallucinations. Delusions are false beliefs, such as thinking that someone is plotting against you or that the TV is sending you secret messages. [medlineplus.gov]
- Auditory Hallucination
A 27-year-old female presented with symptoms of oral dyskinesia, tachycardia, and altered mental status following a three-month history of depression, lethargy, catatonia, and auditory hallucinations. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Common examples of this category include: Psychoses with unusual features, e.g., monosymptomatic delusion of bodily change without accompanying impairment in functioning; persistent auditory hallucinations as the only disturbance; transient psychotic [dsm.wikia.com]
- Fear
Subjects were presented with a series of 10 different facial identities, each expressing either a 50% (mildly fearful) or 100% (prototypically fearful) intensity of fear, or a neutral expression. There were thus 30 different facial stimuli in total. [doi.org]
Remaining with a therapist is essential to avoid the fears from becoming debilitating. It may also be necessary to be able to return to regular life activities. [therapytribe.com]
I sighed deeply as reality returned and fear faded. God, I'd been so ridiculous. Of course it was Amy! That day wasn't anywhere in the world except in my memory. [creepypasta.wikia.com]
[…] bipolar disorder (manic-depressive) or severe depression Some personality disorders A person with psychosis may have any of the following: Disorganized thought and speech False beliefs that are not based on reality (delusions), especially unfounded fear [nlm.nih.gov]
- Visual Hallucination
The patient spontaneously started to experience psychotic symptoms which included disorganized thinking, delusional thoughts, paranoia, auditory and visual hallucinations. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Hallucinations may be present, but auditory or visual hallucinations cannot be prominent. Olfactory or tactile hallucinations may be prominent, but only if they are related to the content of the delusion. [web.archive.org]
- Anhedonia
[…] time alone mostly (not social) Poor concentration and poor energy Alogia (poverty of speech, content or thought block) Unemotional and detached (affective flattening) Avolition for instance neglecting self care Losing interest in things once liked (anhedonia [cinaps.co.uk]
Symptoms may include bizarre delusions, prominent hallucinations, incoherence, flat affect, avolition, and anhedonia. Functioning is impaired in interpersonal, academic, or occupational relations and self-care. [dualdiagnosis.org]
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia include: Flat affect (reduced emotional expression) Social withdrawal (loss of interest in social activities) Anhedonia (reduction or loss of ability to experience pleasure) Avolition (reduced motivation or inability [therecoveryvillage.com]
Anhedonia, or the inability to experience pleasure, is also common, as is emotional emptiness. Patients may also exhibit inappropriate affect, such as laughing at a funeral. [en.wikibooks.org]
Alcohol protracted withdrawal syndrome: The role of anhedonia. Subst. Use Misuse. 2008; 43 :271–284. doi: 10.1080/10826080701202429. [ PubMed ] [ CrossRef ] [ Google Scholar ] 32. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Neurologic
- Insomnia
Usually, the first symptom is insomnia. [epilepsy.com]
[…] control disorders and compulsions such as binge eating, compulsive shopping, hypersexuality and pathological gambling; confusion, constipation, delusion, dizziness, dyskinesia, fatigue, hallucinations, headache, hyperkinesias, hyperphagia, hypotension, insomnia [mt.glosbe.com]
Through English - Ailments and Body Conditions Ringworm दाद daad Psychosis मनोविक्षिप्ति manovikShipti Wart मस्सा massa One Eyed काना kanaa Long Sightedness दूरदृष्टि dooradrishti Sprain मोच, मोच आना moch, moch Ana Sinus साइनस sainas Sleep नींद ninad Insomnia [indiadict.com]
‘Chronic use of GHB may produce dependence and a withdrawal syndrome that includes anxiety, insomnia, tremor, and in severe cases, treatment-resistant psychoses.’ [en.oxforddictionaries.com]
- Irritability
Agitation is defined in the context of restlessness, irritability, and resistiveness. Psychosis is recognized as a disturbance in the perception of objective reality. Disinhibition means a chronic loss of social restraint. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Finally, a link with functional disorders (irritable bowel syndrome and fibromyalgia) is a topic under discussion. [doi.org]
[…] the person may think that others are against him or talking about him think that he is receiving personal messages from the TV or radio experience heightened senses hear voices think that they have special powers Feeling – the person may feel sad and irritable [imh.com.sg]
[…] that is evinced by accelerated, loud, and voluble speech; heightened enthusiasm, confidence, and optimism; rapid and disconnected ideas and associations; rapid or continuous motor activity; impulsive, gregarious, and overbearing behaviour; heightened irritability [britannica.com]
This is especially important if they are in a manic episode or having hallucinations, because they may also become, in rare circumstances, irritable and/or aggressive. [metro.co.uk]
- Headache
After he developed nausea and headache later that evening, the CT scan revealed a temporal bone fracture, pneumocephalus, intraparenchymal haemorrhage and the presence of a metal pen tip lodged in the brain parenchyma. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
[…] dreams, amnesia, behavioural symptoms of impulse control disorders and compulsions such as binge eating, compulsive shopping, hypersexuality and pathological gambling; confusion, constipation, delusion, dizziness, dyskinesia, fatigue, hallucinations, headache [mt.glosbe.com]
Since the age of 35, the patient had experienced headaches, oculomotor symptoms like blurred vision and diplopia, tinnitus and vertigo. [f1000research.com]
Consider a scan when psychosis is comorbid with: age >40 neurologic complaints (such as headache, numbness, vertigo, seizures) focal neurologic findings (such as weakness, gait abnormality, clonus, or spasticity) confusion, cognitive deficit, history [mdedge.com]
- Difficulty Concentrating
The person may have difficulty concentrating, following a conversation or remembering things. His or her mind may race or appear to be processing information in slow motion. False Beliefs: False beliefs, known as delusions, are common. [medicine.yale.edu]
Characteristic symptoms are: Hallucinations: hearing voices or seeing visions Delusions: false beliefs or marked irrational suspicions of others Confused thinking: disorganized thoughts or speech, difficulty concentrating or understanding others People [nasmhpd.org]
concentrating a feeling that you're being controlled by something outside yourself feeling like time speeds up or slows down Just because you experience one or more of these symptoms, it doesn’t mean you’re definitely affected by psychosis. [youngminds.org.uk]
concentrating Depending on the cause, psychosis can come on quickly or slowly. [mind-diagnostics.org]
- Personality Change
A condition in which a person loses the ability to think, remember, learn, make decisions, and solve problems. Symptoms may also include personality changes and emotional problems. [icd9data.com]
Group 3 is characterized by mild mental retardation and late‐onset behavioural or personality changes. [doi.org]
An elderly person with this disease experiences chronic confusion and loss of memory and may experience paranoia or other personality changes. [britannica.com]
[…] and behavioral disorders due to known physiological condition F07.0 Personality change due to known physiological condition Reimbursement claims with a date of service on or after October 1, 2015 require the use of ICD-10-CM codes. [icd10data.com]
The symptoms of a single person do tend to be similar from episode to episode. [priory.com]
Workup
Psychiatric workup. If the history and physical exam reveal no organic basis, the next step is to determine the nature of this patient’s psychosis. [mdedge.com]
Comprehensive laboratory workup, drug screening, and diagnostic imaging were negative. Vital signs were stable. Other than the amputated finger tips, the remainder of her physical examination was unremarkable. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Endocrinology workup was negative for any obvious cause of hypoglycemia including insulinoma and extra pancreatic neoplasms. [priory.com]
Besides, other diagnostic workups failed to show any other reason for hepatitis. It is noteworthy that hepatitis with mildly elevated transaminase level is also a common finding in brucellosis [ 1 ]. [karger.com]
Treatment
All had undergone GA treatment with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
PHASE‐SPECIFIC TREATMENT (ACE) + ANTIPSYCHOTICS vs TREATMENT AS USUAL Comparison 14. [doi.org]
Prognosis
Any effective early intervention is therefore likely to improve the long-term prognosis. [ 23 ] [patient.info]
Prompt recognition of the etiology of psychosis may improve treatment, consultation, and prognosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Abstract Objective : The objective is to provide an overview of the clinical features, prognosis, differential diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of postpartum psychosis. [doi.org]
Etiology
Psychosis can be attributable to a combination of factors and etiologies, and all possible causes must be systematically examined. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Epidemiology
OBJECTIVE: To explore detailed epidemiologic information about PEs in a large multinational sample. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Pathophysiology
Current research is dealing with the delineation from "normality", the genetic underpinnings, and the causes and pathophysiology of the symptoms of psychosis. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
The review outlines the role of endogenous NAAG at NMDAR neurotransmission and its putative role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. [doi.org]
Prevention
Needs-based intervention was compared with specific preventive intervention comprising low-dose risperidone therapy (mean dosage, 1.3 mg/d) and cognitive behavior therapy. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
Prevention depends on the cause. For example, avoiding alcohol prevents psychosis caused by alcohol use. American Psychiatric Association. Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders. In: American Psychiatric Association. [nlm.nih.gov]