Presentation
This title further presents the intracellular signal transduction, and the related enzymes and other factors involved in dopaminergic neuronal death. [books.google.com]
The present study compares the actions of terguride, 4-12 mg/kg i.p., in naive common marmosets with its ... [epub.uni-regensburg.de]
All the major clinical features of Parkinson's disease are present: generalized slowing and difficulty moving, rigidity, resting tremor, flexed posture, and loss of postural reflexes. [cdc.gov]
This volume paves the way toward definitive solutions, presenting the current consensus on risk assessment and environmental toxicants and offering specific recommendations. The book covers: The biologic basis of neurotoxicity. [books.google.de]
Entire Body System
- Unconsciousness
The plane crash that killed Pakistan's PM Zia along with most of his top military brass, the US Ambassador and the US defense attache was probably caused by a device which rendered the flight crew unconscious by means of carfentanyl. [sciencemadness.org]
Gastrointestinal
- Nausea
ADVERSE EFFECTS: COMMON: Lightheadedness, dizziness, sedation, nausea, vomiting, and sweating. [acilbook.com]
Sacks reported a double-blind study in the Lancet (1975) of a patient who could not tolerate L-dopa because of severe nausea. [lifeextensionvitamins.com]
Skin
- Flushing
Histamine release, leading to hypotension and/or tachycardia, flushing, sweating, and pruritus, has been reported in patients receiving meperidine. [acilbook.com]
- Pruritus
Histamine release, leading to hypotension and/or tachycardia, flushing, sweating, and pruritus, has been reported in patients receiving meperidine. [acilbook.com]
- Ulcer
As indicated above, selective blockade of m1 receptors would be useful in reducing gastric acid secretion and in the treatment of gastric ulcers. Compounds of Formula I are prepared as outlined in Schemes I, II, and III. [google.la]
Neurologic
- Tremor
Snapshot A 63-year-old male is brought to the physician by his wife for the evaluation of a tremor. The tremor is worse at rest, and decreases in severity with purposeful movement. [medbullets.com]
Tremor in such patients characteristically involves the proximal muscles and is more pronounced than the typical involuntary rest tremor occurring in idiopathic parkinsonism. MPTP was identified primarily in California, in the early 1980's. [nurseslearning.com]
Meperidine can cause signs of serotonin toxicity such as muscle rigidity, tremor, confusion, behavioral changes, and autonomic instability usually when used with other serotonergic drugs. [acilbook.com]
Parkinsonism may also include tremor, but not necessarily. Parkinsonism broadly refers to slowing of movement and alteration of walking. [qeegsupport.com]
MPTP 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, analogs MTMP, PEPAP Neurology A potent neurotoxin–which has an effect much like Meperidine or Demerol—that acts on neuromelanin, producing parkinsonism Clinical Bradykinesia, muscular rigidity, resting tremor [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
- Bradykinesia
Introduction Neurodegenerative progressive movement disorder cardinal manifestations tremor resting, "pill-rolling" bradykinesia muscle rigidity postural instability associated with lewy bodies Pathophysiology neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons [medbullets.com]
MPTP 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, analogs MTMP, PEPAP Neurology A potent neurotoxin–which has an effect much like Meperidine or Demerol—that acts on neuromelanin, producing parkinsonism Clinical Bradykinesia, muscular rigidity, resting [medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com]
Clinically, PD is characterized by rest tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and gait impairment, known as the "cardinal features" of the disease. [flipper.diff.org]
He was able to walk but exhibited a shortstepped, slow, shuffling gait, " en bloc" turning, and generalized bradykinesia. In our examination of him, he was otherwise similar to the other three patients. [scienceintheclassroom.org]
- Shuffling Gait
On gait testing, there was difficulty with initiating gait, as well as the patient taking short steps when walking forward. [medbullets.com]
[…] is called the this area called the what is primarily responsible for maintaining homeostasis, it is the main visceral control center of the body this collection of nerve roots at the inferior end of the vertebral column is called the tremor at rest, shuffling [quizlet.com]
He was able to walk but exhibited a shortstepped, slow, shuffling gait, " en bloc" turning, and generalized bradykinesia. In our examination of him, he was otherwise similar to the other three patients. [scienceintheclassroom.org]
- Cogwheel Rigidity
The damage is manifested in a syndrome resembling a very severe parkinsonism, which results in increased muscle tone, difficulty in moving and speaking, drooling, and cogwheel rigidity of the upper extremities. [nurseslearning.com]
cogwheel rigidity postural instability shuffling gait mask-like facies depression dementia usually a late finding Evaluation Clinical diagnosis Histology loss of pigmented neurons in the substantia nigra Lewy bodies round eosinophilic inclusions of α-synuclein [medbullets.com]
rigidity in the upper extremities. [scienceintheclassroom.org]
- Headache
Scientists agree that exposure to toxic agents in the environment can cause neurological and psychiatric illnesses ranging from headaches and depression to syndromes resembling parkinsonism. It can even result in death at high exposure levels. [books.google.de]
OTHER EFFECTS: Asthenia, confusion, headache, weakness, syncope, constipation, dry mouth, seizures, tremors, myoclonus, delirium, euphoria, dysphoria, agitation, transient hallucinations and disorientation, urinary retention, hypotension, tachycardia, [acilbook.com]
Treatment
D. (1992) Terguride stimulates locomotor activity at 2 months but not 10 months after 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine treatment of common marmosets. European journal of pharmacology 212 (2-3), S. 247-252. [epub.uni-regensburg.de]
Pharmacologic treatment levodopa-carbidopa dopamine agonist pramipexole bromocriptine ropinirole monoamine-oxidase type B (MAO-B) inhibitors selegiline amantadine anticholinergics benztropine trihexyphenidyl Surgical treatment deep brain stimulation [medbullets.com]
These symptoms and signs subside temporarily after treatment with L-dopa or with bromocriptine, drugs used in treating Parkinson's disease. [cdc.gov]
Res Commun Chem Pathol Parmacol 16: 411–423.Google ScholarPubMed Granerus, AK (1978) Factors influencing the occurrence of “on-off” symptoms during long-term treatment with L-dopa. [cambridge.org]
Moclobemide is effective but not as effective as the irreversible MAOIs in the treatment of social phobia, maximal benefits can take 8 –12 weeks to manifest. There is a risk of treatment failure if there is co-morbid alcohol abuse. [wikivisually.com]
Prognosis
Prevention, and Complications Prognosis a chronic progressive disorder treatment improves quality of life and function Prevention currently not a preventable disease Complications dementia depression psychosis/hallucinations pneumonia most common cause [medbullets.com]
Etiology
Emphasizing the role of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in the etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease, this up-to-date reference describes the genetics, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical aspects of this very [books.google.com]
Still the only major text on the subject, the completely revised and updated second edition of Parkinson's Disease: Diagnosis and Clinical Management comes at a time when specialists have made important advances in our understanding of the etiology, pathogenesis [books.google.de]
It is suggested that the more closely the MPTP model comes to reproducing Parkinson’s disease, the more valuable it may be in exploring the etiology of the disease. [karger.com]
This rapidly progressive form of “Parkinsonism” diagnosed in apparently healthy young people spurned a dramatically increased interest in the treatment and etiology of Parkinsonism. [qeegsupport.com]
Epidemiology
The use of surveillance and epidemiology to identify neurotoxic hazards that escape premarket screening. Research needs. This volume will be an important resource for policymakers, health specialists, researchers, and students. [books.google.de]
EPIDEMIOLOGY: Meperidine overdose is uncommon as the medication is decreasingly used. Severe toxicity can occur. MILD TO MODERATE TOXICITY: Lightheadedness, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, urinary retention, sedation, and disorientation. [acilbook.com]
A large Clinical Research department concentrates its activities on epidemiological studies of Parkinson's disease patient populations. [kyodonewsprwire.jp]
Pathophysiology
These results support the concept that normalization of different pathophysiological mechanisms (i.e., altered synchronization between neurons and enhanced N-methyl-D-aspartate transmission) has a greater efficacy. [bordeaux-neurocampus.fr]
[…] gleaned from new techniques in imaging and molecular biology, The Role of Glia in Neurotoxicity, Second Edition covers multiple aspects of glial cells, including morphology, physiology, pharmacology, biochemistry, pathology, and their involvement in the pathophysiology [books.google.de]
Life Sci 22: 1027–1032.CrossRefGoogle Scholar Fahn, S (1982) Fluctuations of disability in Parkinson’s Disease: Pathophysiology. In: Movement Disorders, Marsden, CD, Fahn, S (eds). [cambridge.org]
Introduction Neurodegenerative progressive movement disorder cardinal manifestations tremor resting, "pill-rolling" bradykinesia muscle rigidity postural instability associated with lewy bodies Pathophysiology neurodegeneration of dopaminergic neurons [medbullets.com]
The underlying pathophysiology and disease understanding of PD still remains elusive due to a combination of disease complexity and lack of predictive capability of existing models. (Logo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20120404/CL82745LOGO ) Dr. [kyodonewsprwire.jp]
Prevention
Sp. pretreatment at 150 mg/kg partially prevented (51%) the DA-depleting effect of MPTP and blocked oxidative stress. [ncbi.nlm.nih.gov]
and Complications Prognosis a chronic progressive disorder treatment improves quality of life and function Prevention currently not a preventable disease Complications dementia depression psychosis/hallucinations pneumonia most common cause of death [medbullets.com]
Thus, PYC may be used to prevent or reduce the deterioration caused by free radicals, thereby preventing subsequent behavioural and biochemical changes that occur in Parkinsonian mice. [journals.lww.com]
Taking an MAO-B inhibitor may prevent the conversion of MPTP to MPP+, and thus prevent the onset of symptoms. MPTP can remain in the body for over 2-weeks, so administration of the MAO-B inhibitor may need to continue for several weeks. [opiophilia.blogspot.com]
This book shows new neuroprotective agents, such as propargylamine derivatives and neurotrophins, and the intracellular mechanism to prevent the activation of apoptotic cascade in neurons. [books.google.com]